Queen Salome Alexandra

Salome Alexandra, widow of Alexander Jannaeus, ruled after his death and is often remembered as one of the best Hasmonean rulers. Her reign brought internal peace after years of conflict. She gave greater influence to the Pharisees and strengthened Torah-centered leadership.

From a Jewish perspective, her reign is often seen as a rare stable and positive period in Hasmonean history. She ruled as queen while her son Hyrcanus II served as High Priest. After her death, however, the conflict between her sons Hyrcanus II and Aristobulus II led to civil war and opened the door for Roman intervention.