Mishkenot Sha'ananim

Mishkenot Sha'ananim was established in 1860 by British Jewish philanthropist Sir Moses Montefiore, using funds donated by American Jewish philanthropist Judah Touro. It became the first Jewish neighborhood built outside the walls of Jerusalem's Old City under Ottoman rule.

The project aimed to relieve overcrowding, poverty, and poor sanitary conditions within the Jewish Quarter. Initially, residents feared living outside the protective city walls due to security concerns.

Its establishment marked the beginning of Jerusalem's modern Jewish urban expansion, paving the way for additional neighborhoods outside the Old City and transforming the city's development during the decades preceding the Zionist movement.